Dalam Bahasa Inggris, conjunctions adalah kata-kata yang menghubungkan kalimat, klausa, atau kata-kata individual. Conjunctions bertindak sebagai jembatan, memungkinkan kita untuk membentuk kalimat yang lebih panjang dan lebih deskriptif.

Conjunctions memainkan peran penting dalam memungkinkan kita untuk membangun kalimat yang lebih panjang dan lebih rumit yang secara efektif menyampaikan ide-ide kita. Tanpa konjungsi, kita akan terbatas pada kalimat-kalimat pendek dan sederhana.

Dilansir Grammarly, dijelaskan bahwa subordinative conjunctions adalah konjungsi yang menghubungkan klausa subordinatif, juga dikenal sebagai klausa dependen, dengan bagian kalimat lainnya.

Kata atau frasa ini menunjukkan bahwa suatu klausa memiliki nilai informatif untuk ditambahkan pada ide utama kalimat, menandakan hubungan sebab-akibat atau pergeseran waktu dan tempat antara kedua klausa tersebut.

Klausa dependen, juga dikenal sebagai klausa subordinatif, adalah klausa dengan dua kualitas spesifik. Pertama, klausa ini tidak mengungkapkan satu kesatuan pemikiran yang lengkap dengan sendirinya, klausa ini tidak dapat berdiri sebagai kalimat tersendiri. Kedua, klausa ini bergantung pada klausa independen, klausa yang dapat berdiri sendiri sebagai kalimat lengkap, untuk membentuk ide yang lengkap.

Subordinative conjunctions yang paling mudah dijelaskan adalah because. Karena adalah kata penghubung yang hanya memiliki satu tujuan: untuk menunjukkan hubungan cause and effect atau sebab-akibat antara klausa subordinat dan klausa utama. Dengan sendirinya, klausa yang diawali dengan karena tidak lengkap.

Dikutip dari buku Friendly Grammar Level Five karya Sami Jalbout, dkk., contohnya adalah sebagai berikut:

People love and respect Nelson Mandela because he helped unite the nation.

Klausa dependen "because he helped unite the nation" sebagai kata keterangan yang menjawab pertanyaan, "Why do people love and respect Nelson Mandela?" Jadi, hubungan antara kedua klausa tersebut adalah cause and effect.

Mengutip buku Kupas Tuntas Grammar Bahasa Inggris : Materi, Soal Dan Kunci Jawaban oleh Gunawan Tambunsaribu, S.S., M.Sas., berikut adalah beberapa kata penghubung yang bisa digunakan saat menulis kalimat yang mengandung unsur Sebab-akibat (cause & effect):

• as a result of (sebagai hasil dari)
• accordingly (demikian)
• because (karena)
• because of (dikarenakan oleh)
• by virtue of (berdasarkan)
• caused by (disebabkan oleh)
• created by (dibuat oleh)
• consequently (akibatnya)
• due to (karena)
• due to the fact (berdasarkan fakta)
• hence (karenanya)
• in order to (untuk)
• on account of (karena)
• owing to (berdasarkan fakta itu)
• since (sejak)
• so (jadi)
• supposed to (seharusnya)

30 Contoh Soal Bahasa Inggris Cause and Effect Berserta Jawabannya

Untuk memahaminya lebih jelas, simak 30 contoh soal Bahasa Inggris tentang cause and effect berikut ini.

1. since/got/Marsha/studied/good/,/harder/she/scores

Arrange the jumbled words above into a good sentence!

a. Since Marsha studied harder, she got good scores.
b. Marsha got good scores, since she studied harder.
c. Marsha got harder scores, since she studied good.
d. Since Marsha studied good, she got harder scores.

Kunci jawaban: A

2. As I was there, I knew what exactly happened. The sentence above has similar meaning with ...

a. When I was there, I knew what exactly happened.
b. I knew what exactly happened because I was there.
c. Since I knew what exactly happened, I was there.
d. Because I knew what exactly happened, I was there.

Kunci jawaban: B

Sumber: Bahas Tuntas 1001 Soal Bahasa Inggris SMP Kelas VII, VIII, IX karya Peni Larasati

3. .... I didn't care of him anymore, I left him
a. When
b. Although
c. However
d. Since

Kunci jawaban: D

4. .... it is important for us, we must keep it well.

a. Because
b. When
c. Because of
d. Whenever

Kunci jawaban: A

5. We couldn't buy some snacks ... the supermarket was closed.

a. as a result
b. because
c. as
d. if

Kunci jawaban: B

6. She had the best qualifications and she so ___ got her dream job.

a. so
b. as
c. because
d. therefore

Kunci jawaban: D

7. The man hasn't got much money ... he can't afford a new motorcycle.

a. as
b. because
c. since
d. so

Kunci jawaban: D

8. ... my grandmother is sick, I take care of her.

a. because
b. although
c. after
d. before

Kunci jawaban: A

9. Wanda : Nelly, why do you like him?
Nelly : He is ... handsome ... I like him.

a. so-that
b. such - that
c. not only - but also
d. either - nor 

Kunci jawaban: A

10. She studied very hard ..., she passed with flying colors.

A. however
B. moreover
C. therefore
D. although

Kunci jawaban: C

11. Chris: Excuse me, I must go to bed now.
Steve: Why? It's only a quarter to nine.
Christ: Well, ... I don't want to come late for the conference tomorrow morning. Good night.
Steve: Have a good sleep.

a. when
b. though
c. because
d. but

Kunci jawaban: C

12.  Martina is such a diligent worker that she gets promotion. It is similar with ...

a. Martina is so diligent that she gets promotion.
b. Martina is not only a diligent worker but she also
gets promotion.
c. Martina gets promotion that she is so diligent
worker.
d. Martina is so diligent and she gets promotion.

Kunci jawaban: A

13. The outdoor exhibition was canceled ... it's raining.

a. but
b. as
c. since
d. and

Kunci jawaban: C

14. ... Intan was nervous, she didn't pass the driving test.

a. Since
b. If
c. Although
d. Because

Kunci jawaban: A dan D

15. She is always late for school, ... she always stays up at night.

a. as
b. because
c. if
d. and

Kunci jawaban: B 

16. Anto : Indonesia has to import rice next year.
Mike : How come? Indonesia is an agricultural
country.
Anto : There are some reasons for that.
Mike . : Like what?
Anto : The harvest failed ... natural disasters
occurred.
a. although
b. because
c. but
d. and

Kunci jawaban: B

17. The concert was ... amazing ... I enjoyed it.
a. such- that
b. so - that
c. so - and
d. very-then

Kunci jawaban: B

18. I dreamed about a disaster last night. It was .... a bad dream .... I'm afraid.
a. such - that
b. so - that
c. so - and
d. very - then

Kunci jawaban: A

19. Many people skipped the seminar because it was held during working hours. What caused low attendance?

A. Poor internet
B. Bad weather
C. Conflict with work schedule
D. Boring topic

Kunci jawaban: C

Sumber: Road to PTN: Tuntas TKA Bahasa Inggris SMA/MA oleh Sandy Guswan C., S.Pd. 

20. Tami doesn't want to eat any food ... she isn't fine.

a. since

b. because

c. and

d. so

Kunci jawaban: B

Lengkapi kalimat bagian A dengan menggunakan "BECAUSE" atau "BECAUSE OF" dan menghubungkan dengan ide di bagian B.

A

21. Danu phoned the police

22. We didn't have any lunch

23. Our train was delayed

24. Budi went to Jakarta

25. I took an umbrella

B

I thought it might rain
we weren't hungry
he had lost his wallet
the heavy rain.
he wanted to learn Indonesian.

Kunci jawaban:

Danu phoned the police BECAUSE he had lost his wallet.

We didn't have any lunch BECAUSE we weren't hungry.

Our train was delayed BECAUSE OF the heavy rain.

Budi went to Jakarta BECAUSE he wanted to learn Indonesian.

I took an umbrella BECAUSE I thought it might rain.

Sumber: Kupas Tuntas Grammar Bahasa Inggris : Materi, Soal Dan Kunci Jawaban karya Gunawan Tambunsaribu, S.S., M.Sas.

Underline the conjunction in each sentence.

26. The clouds turned black so we decided to go back inside.

27. I did not eat all of my dinner because I wasn't hungry.

28. I was very tired due to staying up late last night.

29. It snowed heavily in the night, therefore school is closed tomorro

30. We haven't sold many cars as they are too expensive.

Kunci jawaban:

The clouds turned black so we decided to go back inside.

I did not eat all of my dinner because I wasn't hungry.

I was very tired due to staying up late last night.

It snowed heavily in the night, therefore school is closed tomorrow

We haven't sold many cars as they are too expensive.

Sumber: laman Trinity CE Primary School, UK

Demikian pembahasan mengenai soal Bahasa Inggris soal cause and effect beserta kunci jawabannya. Semoga membantu Si Kecil belajar di rumah.

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